{"id":1087,"date":"2016-07-04T15:00:53","date_gmt":"2016-07-04T15:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/?p=1087"},"modified":"2017-08-21T10:51:56","modified_gmt":"2017-08-21T10:51:56","slug":"primary-care-corner-with-geoffrey-modest-md-coffee-hot-drinks-and-cancer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/2016\/07\/04\/primary-care-corner-with-geoffrey-modest-md-coffee-hot-drinks-and-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"Primary Care Corner with Geoffrey Modest MD: Coffee, Hot Drinks, and Cancer"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>By Dr. Geoffrey Modest<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A working group of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),\u00a0the specialized cancer agency of the World Health Organization, reviewed data on the relationship between\u00a0caffeine as well as\u00a0hot beverages with cancer, finding that caffeine is good but hot beverages bad (See\u00a0doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(16)30239-X). The full Monograph is in press, but Lancet Oncology published a summary.<\/p>\n<p>Details:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Caffeine had\u00a0been listed in 1991 as &#8220;possibly carcinogenic to\u00a0humans&#8221; based on limited data of increase in bladder cancer. But:\n<ul>\n<li>Bladder cancer:\u00a0newer, better data (&gt;1000 observational and experimental studies)\u00a0suggest\u00a0that there is\u00a0no consistent relationship, and raised the concern in older studies of\u00a0potential confounding from cigarettes or occupational exposures.<\/li>\n<li>Liver cancer:\u00a0there seems to be an<strong> inverse correlation<\/strong>, based on case-control studies,\u00a0with decreasing risk by 15% for each cup of coffee\/day. Beneficial effects on liver fibrosis and cirrhosis<\/li>\n<li>Breast cancer: meta-analysis of 1 million women suggests no association or ?modest\u00a0inverse one<\/li>\n<li>Pancreas and prostate: no increase<\/li>\n<li>Endometrium: likely <strong>inverse\u00a0association<\/strong>with\u00a0coffee<\/li>\n<li>Other cancers (lung, colorectal, stomach, esophagus, oral cavity, ovary, brain, childhood leukemia): data inconsistent or not evaluable\u00a0because\u00a0of biases, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: &#8220;overall coffee drinking was evaluated as unclassifiable as to it carcinogenicity to humans&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Hot drinks, IARC classified Mate,\u00a0served traditionally at a very hot temperature (&gt;65\u00b0C), as &#8220;probably carcinogenic to humans&#8221;. Mate is\u00a0made from dried leaves of\u00a0Ilex paraguariensis (Mate Yerba) with varying caffeine content and mainly\u00a0consumed\u00a0in South America, and less so in Middle East, Europe, North America.<\/li>\n<li>Esophageal cancer: significantly <strong>increased risk,<\/strong> <strong>but only when drunk very hot or hot<\/strong>. and similar results have been found for other very hot drinks<\/li>\n<li>Animal studies: very hot water (65-70\u00b0C) increased the incidence of nitrosamine-induced esophageal tumors. And hot water\u00a0(&gt;65\u00b0C) can act as a tumor promoter, perhaps through chronic cell injury<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: &#8220;drinking very hot beverages at above 65\u00b0C was classi\ufb01ed as &#8216;probably carcinogenic to humans&#8217;, but\u00a0&#8220;drinking mate that is not very hot was &#8216;not classi\ufb01able as to its carcinogenicity to humans'&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Good news for those of us who really like or require coffee, as well as\u00a0coffee growers, who have not been doing so well lately\u00a0(see\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.centralamericadata.com\/en\/article\/main\/Good_News_for_Coffee?u=29f723785a1c27639a0d8732b32d9c8c&amp;s=n&amp;e=3&amp;mid=%5bMESSAGEID\">http:\/\/www.centralamericadata.com\/en\/article\/main\/Good_News_for_Coffee?u=29f723785a1c27639a0d8732b32d9c8c&amp;s=n&amp;e=3&amp;mid=[MESSAGEID<\/a> )<\/li>\n<li>For prior blogs, see\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/2016\/04\/25\/primary-care-corner-with-geoffrey-modest-md-coffee-and-decreased-colon-cancer\/\">https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/2016\/04\/25\/primary-care-corner-with-geoffrey-modest-md-coffee-and-decreased-colon-cancer\/<\/a> \u00a0which reviews a study finding <strong>decreased risk of colon cancer in coffee drinkers<\/strong>, with a dose-response curve. Also this blog refers to others finding <strong>decrease in total mortality, decreased coronary artery calcium scores,<\/strong> and one of chocolate decreasing peripheral artery disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Primary Care Corner with Geoffrey Modest MD: Coffee, Hot Drinks, and Cancer [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/2016\/07\/04\/primary-care-corner-with-geoffrey-modest-md-coffee-hot-drinks-and-cancer\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":148,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14283],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archive"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/148"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1087"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1087\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stg-blogs.bmj.com\/bmjebmspotlight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}